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Distribution of HLA-A alleles by country

Last update : April 2015.

The Human Leucocyte Antigen (HLA) genes are on important component of the immune system regulation. They are cell-surface antigen-presenting proteins present in almost every cell of the body. Their role is to signal to white blood cells (more specifically T cells) that a cell has been contaminated by a pathogen (virus or bacteria) and should be destroyed. As such, HLA types can play a significant role in many autoimmune diseases.

There are many classes of HLA. The main are A, B, C, DP, DQ and DR. Everyone has two copies of each type, one inherited from each parent. Each HLA type (e.g. HLA-A1) has several subtypes (e.g. HLA A*01:01, HLA A*01:02, HLA A*01:03). Subtypes usually vary between continent or racial groups.

These comparative tables were made using the data from HLA allele frequencies database.

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HLA-A

Country/Type A1 A2 A3 A11 A23 A24 A25 A26 A29 A30 A31 A32 A33 A68 A74 Samples
Albania 10.0 30.6 9.1 7.5 2.2 15.9 0.9 5.0 1.3 0.3 1.3 7.8 1.3 4.7 0.6 n=97
Armenia (Yerevan) 10.7 18.0 15.8 6.8 5.0 15.4 0.2 5.4 3.7 4.2 1.2 4.3 2.5 4.7 0.3 n=445
Austria 14.5 31.2 15.2 3.2 2.2 10.5 2.2 4.2 2.0 3.8 2.0 2.8 1.0 4.2 0.0 n=200
Belgium 15.5 27.6 17.1 4.7 1.6 6.6 1.0 2.1 3.7 2.1 4.2 3.7 1.5 6.2 0.0 n=99
Bosnia-Herzegovina 14.9 33.2 11.9 6.3 2.2 8.8 6.7 5.9 1.0 6.4 1.6 4.1 2.1 4.2 0.2 n=1028
Bulgaria 7.3 34.5 4.6 7.3 5.5 11.8 2.7 7.3 0.9 1.8 1.8 8.2 1.8 1.8 0.0 n=55
Croatia 12.4 30.2 12.4 6.9 2.5 11.4 3.1 4.8 0.9 1.7 2.3 3.9 2.0 4.6 0.0 n=4000
Czech Republic 16.1 30.2 14.8 5.7 2.9 9.8 4.0 5.1 2.4 2.4 2.2 3.2 1.0 3.5 0.0 n=5099
England + Scotland 18.1 28.9 13.8 6.5 1.6 8.7 2.1 2.9 3.7 1.8 2.6 3.6 0.9 3.7 0.0 n=1043
Finland 8.9 34.4 25.0 5.0 0.6 9.4 1.1 1.1 1.1 0.6 0.6 5.0 2.2 5.1 0.0 n=91
France 13.8 26.9 15.0 5.9 2.2 9.1 2.4 3.4 3.9 3.4 3.0 3.9 1.7 3.9 0.1 n=1406
Georgia (Tbilissi) 5.4 34.9 15.2 6.2 1.9 17.6 0.0 3.3 0.5 1.5 1.0 4.8 1.5 4.8 0.0 n=109
Germany 15.0 29.2 15.5 5.1 2.4 9.5 2.3 3.4 2.7 2.3 2.3 3.8 1.3 4.1 0.1 n=11407
Greece 10.5 23.9 9.1 7.5 3.5 15.5 1.1 5.5 2.1 3.8 1.9 7.2 2.8 4.0 0.2 n=11250
Ireland (North) 20.2 28.7 14.3 8.0 1.4 6.1 2.1 1.8 4.9 2.3 2.6 3.2 0.9 3.5 0.0 n=1000
Ireland (Eire) 23.6 27.6 13.5 6.9 1.3 6.5 2.5 1.6 4.4 1.4 2.2 4.0 0.7 3.6 0.0 n=17624
Israel (Arab Druzes) 4.0 22.0 8.5 11.0 5.5 16.5 0.0 5.5 6.5 7.5 1.0 4.5 1.0 3.0 0.0 n=101
Israel (Jews) 15.2 18.2 10.4 5.4 3.0 11.9 1.5 8.9 3.9 5.2 1.7 3.4 3.5 4.4 0.1 n=23000
Italy 12.1 25.4 11.4 6.0 2.5 12.2 1.9 5.0 3.6 5.0 2.5 5.1 2.2 3.9 0.0 n=159311
  • Campania
  • 9.7 24.5 12.1 ? 5.2 13.1 1.2 4.8 2.6 5.7 1.7 4.1 2.6 2.2 0.2 n=1089
  • Lombardy (Pavia)
  • 11.2 26.4 11.1 5.9 3.1 12.6 1.7 4.7 3.3 4.6 2.7 5.3 2.7 3.6 0.1 n=2416
  • Sardinia
  • 4.5 28.5 3.6 7.7 0.0 10.5 0.0 4.0 1.5 19.0 1.0 8.7 4.5 0.5 0.0 n=100
    Jordan 15.0 21.3 8.8 4.1 3.9 10.4 0.1 4.4 3.0 8.7 1.7 3.5 3.5 4.8 0.8 n=15141
    Libya (Cyrenaica) 11.4 23.3 10.1 2.5 5.5 10.2 0.4 1.7 5.5 6.3 5.1 1.7 5.5 8.0 0.4 n=118
    Macedonia 12.2 28.5 11.4 6.4 3.1 14.7 1.9 5.2 1.9 2.0 1.6 3.4 0.7 4.3 0.0 n=388
    Morocco 12.7 19.9 7.5 4.2 6.8 5.6 0.9 2.1 4.5 10.6 1.9 3.3 4.8 8.0 0.6 n=575
    Netherlands 17.2 30.2 15.3 5.2 1.3 9.4 1.1 2.4 2.7 2.0 3.5 3.4 0.7 4.5 0.1 n=2679
    Norway 15.2 34.3 15.5 5.3 10.3 ? 4.7 ? 10.6 ? ? ? ? 4.1 0.0 n=576
    Poland 13.8 29.6 13.5 6.2 2.3 9.6 5.2 4.8 1.6 2.0 2.5 2.9 1.0 3.8 0.0 n=20653
    Portugal 11.7 28.4 11.5 6.9 3.7 9.4 2.3 4.1 4.3 1.9 2.0 3.6 3.1 4.6 0.1 n=1176
    Romania 12.2 26.6 9.2 8.2 3.1 12.2 3.0 4.9 1.9 2.0 2.0 4.0 2.7 3.1 0.1 n=8405
    Russia (Moscow) 11.4 28.8 13.4 6.3 2.8 9.6 5.2 4.9 1.7 2.8 2.0 3.1 2.3 3.8 0.0 n=2650
  • Bashkirs
  • 8.9 33.6 8.6 5.8 1.7 14.4 1.0 4.8 0.0 1.4 4.4 3.4 3.1 8.6 0.0 n=146
  • Chuvash
  • 7.3 25.0 15.8 6.1 3.7 18.9 3.7 1.2 0.0 1.2 4.9 3.7 1.8 6.7 0.0 n=82
  • Saami (Murmansk)
  • 4.0 26.0 18.0 14.0 0.0 26.0 1.0 0.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 2.0 0.0 n=70
  • Tatars
  • 11.0 24.5 15.2 7.5 3.8 13.0 3.4 4.4 1.7 2.4 1.7 3.7 2.4 4.6 0.0 n=355
    Saudi Arabia 6.9 30.1 6.6 2.8 4.6 7.4 0.0 6.4 2.4 4.8 6.8 4.3 5.3 10.1 0.9 n=852
    Serbia 14.3 29.5 11.3 6.1 2.2 11.1 2.6 6.0 0.7 2.1 1.9 4.8 2.5 4.2 0.0 n=1992
    Slovakia 14.4 24.0 12.8 6.5 3.2 10.3 5.1 5.6 1.9 2.9 2.8 4.2 1.0 3.8 0.0 n=4234
    Slovenia 9.3 26.1 15.0 7.2 3.1 9.7 2.0 5.1 2.3 2.0 3.1 3.9 2.0 4.3 0.0 n=130
    Spain 12.2 25.3 11.8 6.3 3.7 9.2 1.5 3.8 6.5 4.5 2.1 3.4 2.7 5.2 0.2 n=1107
  • Andalusia
  • 11.4 22.3 22.8 3.0 4.0 6.4 2.0 4.0 6.9 4.5 1.5 5.4 2.5 3.0 0.0 n=99
  • Basques
  • 13.5 28.0 9.8 6.1 2.0 10.4 1.5 1.5 13.0 7.3 3.0 1.0 0.5 1.0 0.0 n=100
  • Pasiegos
  • 3.8 29.3 14.1 4.3 1.6 4.8 4.3 8.6 14.1 0.5 1.6 1.6 1.6 5.9 0.0 n=88
    Sweden 13.7 34.4 17.2 5.3 1.3 8.9 1.8 2.2 1.6 1.2 2.8 3.7 0.5 4.6 0.0 n=2313
  • Northern Saami
  • 8.3 25.0 31.3 1.0 0.0 21.2 0.0 3.4 0.4 0.0 5.9 2.1 0.0 1.4 0.0 n=70
    Switzerland (Zurich) 10.0 26.2 12.9 5.1 3.2 10.9 2.0 2.8 3.6 4.6 4.3 3.4 2.4 6.6 0.0 n=4875
    Turkey 10.4 23.5 12.2 7.5 2.9 15.3 0.8 5.8 2.2 3.7 2.0 4.9 2.9 4.4 0.0 n=4856
    Wales 19.7 29.2 13.9 6.1 1.5 7.7 2.1 2.3 4.3 2.8 2.9 3.5 0.7 3.9 0.1 n=39979

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