This thread is dedicated to comparing the the closest results of people from various European countries and regions to specific ancient archaeological cultures (e.g. Corded Ware, Unetice, Nordic Bronze Age, Villanovan, Hallstatt) or specific unmixed ethnic groups (Romans, Gauls, Franks, Saxons, Slavs, Scythians, Illyrians, etc.) using results from
MyTrueAncestry.com (anybody can upload their genome for free). The idea is to make a list of ancient cultures and ethnicities and list the closest genetic distance found in each modern country (or region for large countries).
How to participate
Just go to
MyTrueAncestry.com, click on 'Analysis Summary' => 'Ancient Samples Results' => 'Top 10 Samples by Era'. Copy and paste your result below, or send me a PM if you don't want to share them publicly. I will take the relevant matches with a genetic distance lower than 10 (if no one from your country has a lower score) and post it anonymously.
Methodology
- The
results are not averages for each country. Only the closest individual result was selected (for each culture and ancient ethnic group). So the list represents the closest possible matches for each country.
- A
genetic distance (GD) smaller than 5 means that it is essentially the same ethnic group. A GD between 5 and 10 means that it is a closely related ethnic group ("cousin tribe"), or a modern population having non-predominant ancient ancestry (e.g. 30% of DNA inherited from that ethnic group).
- As most populations have changed little since the Middle Ages, I have selected
only results until the Late Antiquity (Dark Ages).
For Italy, it is until the Roman Republic as Rome had become an ethnic melting pot by the time of the Empire.
-
Hybrid populations were excluded from the results. This includes Gallo-Roman, Celto-Germanic, Romano-Hispanic, Visigothic Iberian, etc.
- I have rectified and reclassified samples that had been mislabelled by MyTrueAncestry.
- I have checked results from
Greeks, Macedonians, Albanians, Serbians, Croatians and Bulgarians, but so far none have individual samples with a GD under 10, meaning either that the matching ancient population hasn't been tested yet or that no pre-medieval population corresponds to their modern admixture (a likely scenario in the Balkans considering the
large number of migrations to the region in the Middle Ages).
Results
NB: EBA = Early Bronze Age ; LBA = Late Bronze Age ; CWC = Corded Ware culture.
1. Closest matches to modern European populations
Modern Belgians - Neolithic to Bronze Age cultures
- Unetice culture (Prague, Czechia) : 4.1
- Bell Beaker Scotland : 5.8
- Bell Beaker England : 6.2
- Bronze Age England : 6.7
- EBA Gaul (Bischwihr, Alsace, 1900 BCE) : 7.0
- EBA Sicily (Buffa, 2191 BCE) : 7.0
- LBA Scotland : 7.9
- Corded Ware Switzerland (2660 BCE) : 7.9
- North Alpine Bronze Age (1790 BCE) : 8.8
- Bell Beaker Germany (2500 BCE) : 9.5
Modern Belgians - Iron Age ethnicities
- Lombard (Hungary) : 3.1
- Frankish (Hungary) : 3.6
- Visigoth Frankish (Girona, Spain) : 4.3
- Belgic tribe (Colmar, Alsace, France) : 5.9
- Alemannic Bavaria (450 CE) : 5.2
- Saxon (Hinxton, England) : 6.1
- Young Merovingian Noble : 6.7
- Iron Age Briton (205 BCE) : 7.0
- Swiss Germanic (580 CE) : 7.4
- Rugii Tribe Oder-Vistula (135 CE) : 8.6
Modern North Dutch - Neolithic to Bronze Age cultures
- Bell Beaker England (Willington, 2100 BCE) : 2.8
- EBA England (Thames, 1800 BCE) : 3.7
- Bell Beaker Alsace (Lingolsheim, 2335 BCE) : 3.9
- Bell Beaker Scottish Islands (2350 BCE) : 4.7
- CWC Switzerland (2542 BCE) : 5.4
- Unetice culture (Prague, 1813 BCE) : 5.5
- EBA Poland (2175 BCE) : 6.3
- Bell Beaker Germany (2500 BCE) : 7.3
Modern North Dutch - Iron Age ethnicities
- Nordic Lombard : 2.2
- Saxon : 5.6
- Anglo-Saxon (Oakington, 470 CE) : 5.7
- Alemannic Saxon Bavaria (485 CE) : 5.8
- Young Merovingian Noble (605 CE) : 6.4
- Iron Age Briton (Linton, Cambridgeshire, 205 BCE) : 6.4
Modern English - Neolithic to Bronze Age cultures
- Bell Beaker Southern France (2050 BCE) : 4.1
- Bell Beaker England (2250 BCE) : 4.6
- LBA England (1000 BCE) : 5.4
- Unetice culture (Prague, 1813 BCE) : 5.9
- Late Bronze Age Scotland (900 BCE) : 6.1
- Copper Age Ireland (1880 BCE) : 6.2
- EBA Poland (Zerniki Wielkie, 2175 BCE) : 6.4
- Corded Ware Sweden (2860 BCE) : 6.5
- Bell Beaker Germany (Anselfingen, 2325 BCE) : 6.8
- LBA Germany (1050 BCE) : 7.6
- Nordic Bronze Age (Jutland, 1400 BCE) : 8.3
- Bronze Age Scotland (Orkney, 1750 BCE) : 8.6
Modern English - Iron Age ethnicities
- Celtic Briton (250 CE) : 4.0
- Nordic Lombard (590 CE) : 4.5
- Frankish Hungary (590 CE) : 6.0
- Alemannic Bavaria (495 CE) : 5.5
- Scythian Moldova (290 BCE) : 7.4
- Ostrogoth Nordic (520 CE) : 7.4
- Saxon (Hinxton, 720 CE) : 7.5
- Vandal Chieftain (375 CE) : 7.6
- Iron Age Gaul (Bessan, 125 BCE) : 8.2
- Anglo-Saxon (Oakington, 470 CE) : 8.4
- Belgic Tribe (Nordhouse, Alsace 500 BCE) : 9.7
Modern Welsh - Neolithic to Bronze Age cultures
- Bronze Age Scotland (1450 BCE) : 4.0
- Bronze Age England (Amesbury, 1450 BCE) : 4.9
- Bell Beaker England (2150 BCE) : 5.3
- Bell Beaker Germany (Wehringen, 2250 BCE) : 6.0
- North Alpine Bronze Age (1812 BCE) : 6.3
- CWC/Battle-axe culture (Ollsjo, Sweden, 2860 BCE) : 6.4
- EBA Switzerland (Wartau, 1815 BCE) : 6.5
- CWC Switzerland (Spreitenbach, 2542 BCE) : 6.6
- EBA Germany (Königsbrunn, 2046 BCE) : 6.7
- Unetice culture (Czechia, 2050 BCE) : 6.8
Modern Welsh - Iron Age ethnicities
- Saxon : 4.5
- Iron Age Briton (Hinxton, 45 BCE) : 5.0
- Frankish : 5.8
- Germanic Lombard (590 CE) : 6.4
- Lugii tribe (Masiomecz, Poland, 300 CE) : 7.5
- Vandal : 7.9
- Anglo-Saxon (780 CE) : 7.9
Modern Scottish - Neolithic to Bronze Age cultures
- LBA England (1000 BCE) : 4.1
- Bell Beaker England (Willington, 2100 BCE) : 4.5
- LBA Scotland (900 BCE) : 4.8
- Unetice culture (Prague, 1813 BCE) : 5.2
- Corded Ware Alsace (2335 BCE) : 6.7
- EBA Gaul (Bischwihr, Alsace 1900 BCE) : 6.9
- Bell Beaker Scottish Islands (2350 BCE) : 7.1
- North Alpine Bronze Age (1812 BCE) : 7.8
- Bell Beaker Germany (2500 BCE) : 9.3
Modern Scottish - Iron Age ethnicities
- Iron Age Briton (1 CE) : 5.7
- Nordic Lombard (590 CE) : 6.1
- Merovingian Noble (605 CE) : 6.2
- Saxon (Hinxton, 720 CE) : 6.6
- Vandal : 7.0
- Alemannic Bavaria (500 CE) : 8.1
- Iron Age Belgae (Colmar, 340 BCE) : 8.7
- Anglo-Saxon (Oakington, 470 CE) : 9.2
Modern Irish - Neolithic to Bronze Age cultures
- LBA Scotland (900 BCE) : 2.0
- Bell Beaker England (2100 BCE) : 3.4
- Unetice culture (Prague, 1813 BCE) : 4.3
- Bronze Age France (Alsace, 1900 BCE) : 5.1
- LBA England (1000 BCE) : 5.5
- CWC Switzerland (2542 BCE) : 6.8
- Bell Beaker France (Alsace, 2335 BCE) : 7.3
- Copper Age Ireland (1880 BCE) : 8.2
- Bell Beaker Germany (2500 BCE) : 9.3
Modern Irish - Iron Age ethnicities
- Iron Age Briton (York, 250 CE) : 5.0
- Nordic Lombard (670 CE) : 5.3
- Young Merovingian Noble (605 CE) : 6.4
- Alemannic Bavaria (500 CE) : 6.7
- Vandal : 6.9
- Saxon (Hinxton (720 CE) : 7.4
- Anglo-Saxon (Oakington, 470 CE) : 8.0
Modern Swedes - Neolithic to Bronze Age cultures
- Bell Beaker Germany (2500 BCE) : 4.0
- LBA Germany (1050 BCE) : 4.5
- Bell Beaker England (2150 BCE, Amesbury) : 7.2
- BA Scotland (Orkney, 1750 BCE) : 8.5
- Bell Beaker Scotland (2450 BCE) : 8.7
- LBA Scotland (900 BCE) : 9.4
Modern Swedes - Iron Age ethnicities
- Nordic Lombard : 3.6
- Alemannic Bavaria : 5.0
- Scythian Moldova (290 BCE) : 5.6
- Ostrogoth (400 CE) : 7.4
Modern Finns - Neolithic to Bronze Age cultures
- Andronovo Culture (Western Steppes, 1300 BCE) : 7.5
- Neolithic Axe Estonia (2460 BCE) : 7.9
- EBA Slovakia (Blatne, 2100 BCE) : 8.2
- EBA Poland (Silesia, 2190 BCE) : 9.9
Modern Finns - Iron Age ethnicities
- Scythians : 7.0
Modern Poles & Lithuanians - Bronze Age cultures
- LBA Estonia (660 BCE) : 8.2
Modern Poles & Lithuanians - Iron Age ethnicities
- Early Slav-Avar Grave (590 CE) : 3.2
- Scythian : 3.2
- Avar (590 CE) : 7.5
Modern East Germans - Bronze Age cultures
- Unetice culture (Western Pomerania, 2000 BCE) : 5.8
- Hallstatt culture (775 BCE) : 8.7
Modern East Germans - Iron Age ethnicities
- Frankish : 3.6
- Scythian Ukraine (600 BCE) : 8.3
- Ostrogoth (400 CE) : 9.0
Modern Germans - Bronze Age cultures
- Bell Beaker England (2150 BCE) : 5.1
- Unetice culture (Prague, 2122 BCE) : 5.5
- LBA Scotland (900 BCE) : 5.5
- Bell Beaker Germany (2250 BCE) : 7.1
- Bell Beaker Scotland (2145 BCE) : 7.4
- EBA Sicily (Buffa, 2191 BC) ..... 7.8
Modern Germans - Iron Age ethnicities
- Frankish : 4.3
- Swiss Germanic (580 CE) : 5.0
- Iron Age Briton (250 CE) : 5.2
- Young Longobard Noble (605 CE) : 6.1
- Alemannic Bavaria (425 CE) : 6.9
- Saxon (Hinxton, 720 CE) : 6.9
- Anglo-Saxon (780 CE) : 8.0
- Scythian Ukraine (600 BCE) : 8.4
- Visigoth Germanic (Girona, 550 CE) : 9.4
- Ostrogoth (400 CE) : 9.8
Modern Hungarians - Bronze Age cultures
- Scythian Ukraine (600 BCE) : 5.4
- Western Pomerania Unetice (2000 BCE) : 9.7
Modern Hungarians - Iron Age ethnicities
- Early Slav-Mix Avar Grave (590 CE) : 8.9
Modern Croatians - Bronze Age cultures
- (none at present)
Modern Croatians - Iron Age ethnicities
- Scythian Ukraine (600 BCE) : 7.5
Modern Slovenians - Bronze Age cultures
- (none at present)
Modern Slovenians - Iron Age ethnicities
- Early Slav : 6.2
- Scythian : 6.2
Modern Austrians - Bronze Age cultures
- Unetice culture (1813 BCE, Prague) : 9.7
Modern Austrians - Iron Age ethnicities
- North-Central Lombard : 7.1
- Alemannic Bavaria : 7.5
- Western-Scythian Black Sea (290 BCE) : 8.0
- Thuringii : 9.4
- Iron Age Briton (York, 250 CE) : 9.8
Modern Swiss - Bronze Age cultures
- Unetice culture (Bohemia 1875 BCE) : 10.0
Modern Swiss - Iron Age ethnicities
- Belgic tribe (Nordhouse, Alsace, 500 BCE) : 7.3
Modern North French - Bronze Age cultures
- Bronze Age England (1450 BCE) : 3.5
- Unetice culture (Czechia, 2050 BCE) : 5.0
- Bell Beaker England (2150 BCE) : 5.8
- EBA Northern England (1750 BCE) : 7.0
- Bronze Age Scotland (1450 BCE) : 7.4
- Bell Beaker Scotland (2145 BCE) : 8.6
- Bell Beaker Southern France (2050 BCE) : 8.0
- Nordic Bronze Age (Jutland, 1400 BCE) : 9.4
- North Alpine Bronze Age (1794 BCE) : 9.6
Modern North French - Iron Age ethnicities
- Visigoth Germanic (Girona, 550 CE) : 6.1
- Nordic Lombard (590 CE) : 7.0
- Saxon (Hinxton, 720 CE) : 7.2
- Iron Age Briton (250 CE) : 7.7
- Swiss Germanic (670 CE) : 8.1
- Medieval Frank (670 CE) : 8.3
- Scythian Moldova (290 BCE) : 8.5
Modern South French - Bronze Age cultures
- Unetice culture (Prague) : 6.8
- EBA Gaul (Rixheim, Alsace, 1690 BCE) : 8.6
Modern South French - Iron Age ethnicities
- Aquitani : 5.2
- Belgic tribe (Colmar, Alsace) : 6.8
- North-Central Lombard : 8.1
Modern North Italians - Bronze Age cultures
- Illyrian / Dalmatian (1200 BCE) : 3.5
- Proto-Villanovan culture (930 BCE, Martinsicuro, Abruzzo) : 5.1
- LBA Hungary (1000 BCE) / Urnfield culture? : 9.7
Modern North Italians - Iron Age ethnicities
- Scythian Moldova (290 BCE) : 8.1
- Thracian Bulgaria (450 BCE) : 8.7
- Roman from Latium (165 CE) : 8.7
Modern Central Italians - Bronze Age cultures
- Mycenaean Peloponnese (1350 BCE) : 9.2
Modern Central Italians - Iron Age ethnicities
- Latin Tribe Ardea (650 BCE) : 8.9
Modern South Italians - Bronze Age cultures
- (none so far)
Modern South Italians - Iron Age ethnicities
- Hellenic Roman : 3.9
Modern Basques - Bronze Age cultures
- North Alpine Bronze Age (1677 BCE) : 7.4
- EBA France (Domen de St-Eugène, 1950 BCE) : 8.2
- LBA Spain (Cogotas, 1290 BCE) : 9.1
- Bell Beaker Germany (Haunstetten, 2059 BCE) : 9.1
- Bell Beaker Italy (2000 BCE) : 9.6
Modern Basques - Iron Age ethnicities
- Aquitani (Pech-Maho, France, 350 BCE) : 4.6
- Ilergetes tribe (Catalonia, 440 BCE) : 7.8
- Vascones (280 BCE) : 8.7
- Iron Age Catalan (620 BCE) : 9.7
Modern Spaniards - Bronze Age cultures
- EBA France (Rec de Ligno, 2050 BCE) : 8.7
- Bell Beaker Germany (Haunstetten, 2385 BCE) : 9.8
- Illyrian / Dalmatian (1600 BCE) : 8.9
- Protovillanovia Martinsicuro (930 BCE) : 10.0
Modern Spaniards - Iron Age ethnicities
- Illyrian : 3.6
- Aquitani : 3.6
- Etruscan (Civitavecchia, 650 BCE) : 4.1
- Visigoth Frankish (Girona, Spain) : 6.3
- Scythian Southern Moldova (290 BCE) : 9.0
Modern Portuguese - Bronze Age cultures
- (none so far)
Modern Portuguese - Iron Age ethnicities
- Etruscan Civitavecchia (650 BCE) : 4.8
- Illyrian : 8.0
Modern Bulgarians - Bronze Age cultures
- Bronze Age Hungary (Szolad, 1000 BCE) : 9.8
Modern Bulgarians - Iron Age ethnicities
- (none so far)
2. Closest modern countries to ancient ethnicities
Late Neolithic to Bronze Age
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Corded Ware culture (c. 3000-2350 BCE)
- Scottish : 4.8
- North Dutch : 5.4
- English : 6.0
- Danes : 6.1
- Welsh : 6.4
- Irish : 6.8
- North Germans : 6.8
- Belgians : 7.9
- Norwegians : 8.4[/TD]
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Bell Beaker network (2800-1800 BCE)
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Bell Beaker Germany
- Swedes : 4.0
- English : 5.4
- Welsh : 6.0
- Irish : 6.8
- Germans : 7.1
- North Dutch : 7.3
- South Dutch : 8.5
- Basques : 9.1
- Scottish : 9.3
- Belgians : 9.5
- Danes : 9.5
- Spanish : 9.8
Bell Beaker France
- Dutch : 3.9
- English : 4.1
- Welsh : 5.2
- North French : 8.0
- Scottish : 8.4
- Irish : 8.7
- Danes : 9.5
Bell Beaker Britain
- Dutch : 2.8
- Danes : 3.5
- Irish : 3.5
- English : 3.7
- Scottish : 4.5
- Germans : 5.1
- Welsh : 5.3
- Belgians : 5.8
- North French : 5.8
- Norwegians : 6.2
- Swedes : 7.2
- Czechs : 9.6[/TD]
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Copper Age Ireland (2600-2200 BCE)
- English : 6.2
- Irish : 8.2
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Unetice culture (2300-1600 BCE)[/TD]
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Closest modern populations[/TD]
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[TD]- Belgians : 4.1
- Irish : 4.3
- North French : 5.0
- North Dutch : 5.0
- Scottish : 5.2
- West Germans : 5.5
- East Germans : 5.8
- English : 5.9
- Welsh : 6.7
- South Dutch : 6.7
- Czechs : 6.8
- South French : 6.8
- Finnish : 7.0
- Norwegians : 8.0
- Austrians : 9.7
- Hungarians : 9.7
- Swiss : 10.0[/TD]
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North Alpine Bronze Age (2300-1600 BCE)
- Welsh : 6.3
- Basques : 7.4
- Scottish : 7.8
- Belgians : 8.8
- North French : 9.6
Bronze Age Britain (1800-800 BCE)
- Irish : 2.0
- Scottish : 3.4
- North French : 3.5
- Welsh : 4.0
- Danes : 4.1
- North Dutch : 4.1
- English : 4.1
- North Germans : 5.0
- Norwegians : 5.8
- Swedes : 6.2
- Belgians : 6.7
Bronze Age France (1900-800 BCE)
- Irish : 5.1
- Belgians : 6.2
- Scottish : 6.9
- English : 7.0
- Danes : 7.2
- South Dutch : 7.7
- North & West Germans : 7.8
- Basques : 8.2
- South French : 8.6
- Spanish : 8.7
- North Dutch : 8.8
- Welsh : 9.5
Bronze Age Germany (1800-800 BCE)
- Swedes : 4.5
- Welsh : 6.7
Nordic Bronze Age (1700–500 BCE)
- English : 8.3
- North French : 9.4
Andronovo culture (1800-1000 BCE)
- Finns : 7.5
Mycenaean Greeks (1600–1100 BCE)
- Central Italians : 9.2
BA Illyrians / Dalmatians (1600-1200 BCE)
- North Italians : 3.5
- Catalans & Aragonese : 3.6
- Andalusians : 4.1
- North Castilians : 4.5
- Murcians : 4.8
- Extremadurans : 6.7
- South Castilians : 7.8
- Portuguese : 8.0
- Galicians : 9.1
Urnfield culture (Hungary, 1300-750 BCE)
- Kosovars : 7.7
- Tosk Albanians : 7.9
- Tuscans : 8.4
- North Italians : 9.7
- Bulgarians : 9.9
Proto-Villanovan culture (1175- 960 BCE)
- North Italians : 5.1
- Tuscans : 8.8
- Andalusians : 10.0
Hallstatt culture (1200-800 BCE)
- East Germans : 8.7
Iron Age
Etruscans
- Andalusians : 4.0
- Galicians : 4.6
- Portuguese : 4.8
Latins
- Central Italians : 8.9
Rhaeti
- Cantabrians : 9.5
- Southwest French : 9.5
Aquitani
- Aragonese : 3.6
- Cantabrians : 4.5
- Basques : 4.6
- Southwest French : 5.2
Iron Age Britons
- English : 4.0
- Irish : 4.5
- Welsh : 5.0
- Germans : 5.2
- Scottish : 5.7
- Danes : 6.3
- North Dutch : 6.4
- Belgians : 7.0
- North French : 7.7
- Austrians : 9.8
Iron Age Belgae
- Belgians : 5.9
- Welsh : 6.0
- South French : 6.8
- Swiss : 7.3
- North Dutch : 7.6
- North Germans : 7.8
- English : 8.2
- Danes : 8.2
- Galicians : 8.5
- Irish : 8.6
- Scottish : 8.7
- South Dutch : 8.7
- Catalans : 9.0
- Portuguese : 9.6
Iron Age Gaul
- English : 8.2
Scythians (900-200 BCE)
- Poles : 3.2
- Ukrainians : 3.7
- Russians : 3.7
- Belorussians : 3.9
- Hungarians : 5.4
- Swedes : 5.6
- Czechs : 6.0
- Romanians : 6.1
- Slovenians : 6.2
- English : 7.4
- Croatians : 7.5
- Austrians : 8.0
- North Italians : 8.1
- East Germans : 8.3
- Germans : 8.4
- Moldavians : 8.4
- North French : 8.5
- Spanish : 9.0
Thracians
- North Italians : 8.7
Late Antiquity
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Alemanni/Swabians
- Belgians : 4.7
- Germans : 5.0
- Swedes : 5.0
- English : 5.5
- Dutch : 5.8
- Irish : 6.7
- Austrians : 7.5
- North French : 8.0
- Scottish : 8.1
- Welsh : 9.2
Franks
- Belgians : 3.6
- West Germans : 4.3
- South Dutch : 5.2
- North Germans : 5.2
- Welsh : 5.8
- English : 6.0
- Scottish : 6.2
- Irish : 6.4
- North Dutch : 6.4
- Norwegians : 7.0
- Danes : 7.6
- North French : 8.3
Saxons
- English : 4.1
- Welsh : 4.5
- North Dutch : 5.6
- Irish : 6.0
- Belgians : 6.1
- Scottish : 6.3
- Danes : 6.4
- Germans : 6.9
- North French : 8.2
Anglo-Saxons
- Danes : 5.7
- Dutch : 5.7
- Scottish : 6.2
- Irish : 7.2
- English : 7.3
- Norwegians : 7.8
- Welsh : 7.9
- Germans : 8.0
Lombards
- North Dutch : 2.2
- Belgians : 3.1
- English : 3.2
- Swedes : 3.6
- Danes : 3.7
- Irish : 4.1
- Scottish : 4.1
- North Germans : 5.2
- Norwegians : 5.9
- West Germans : 6.2
- Welsh : 6.4
- North French : 7.0
- South Dutch : 7.8
- South French : 8.1
- English : 8.2
Rugians
- Belgians : 8.6
Ostrogoths
- Swedes : 7.4
- English : 7.4
- East Germans: 9.0
- Germans : 9.8
Visigoths
- West Germans : 5.7
- Belgians : 5.8
- Welsh : 6.6
- South Dutch : 6.7
- English : 7.2
- French : 8.8
- North Dutch : 9.7
Vandals
- Irish : 6.9
- Scottish : 7.0
- English : 7.6
- Welsh : 7.9
Early Slavs
- Poles : 3.2
- Ukrainians : 5.0
- Belorussians : 6.0
- Slovenians : 6.2
- Lithuanians : 7.2
- Russians : 7.8
- Estonians : 8.0
- Hungarians : 8.9[/TD]
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Why?:grin:
