Eupedia : European mtDNA haplogroups frequencies by country

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European DNA pages:

Haplogroups description Haplogroups timeline Migration maps Y-DNA by country MtDNA by country Defining mtDNA mutations

Distribution of European mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroups by region in percentage

Human mitochondrial DNA can be divided in genealogical groups sharing a common ancestor. These are called haplogroups. In Europe, mtDNA haplogroups cannot be easily associated with ancient ethnicities. However, they can sometimes reveal some potential medical conditions (see diseases associated with mtDNA mutations). Here is a list of defining mutations for European mtDNA haplogroups. Check this page to know more about the mtDNA testing process and how to trace your ancestry.

Note that figures are only indicative. Several sources were used and averages recalculated by merging the data available. Being approximations, numbers were rounded up to 0.5%. Frequencies inferior to 0.25% are indicated as 0%. Highest frequencies for each haplogroup are in bold. A non-exhaustive list of the sources used for this page can be found here.

European mtDNA haplogroup chart

Region/Haplogroup
H

(H1+H3)

V

J

T

U

(U5)

K

I

W

X2

Other

Austria
44.5

(16)

3

12

8.5

12

(7)

10.5

3.5

1

1

4

Belgium
40

6

4

10

22

(5)

13

0

1

1

3

Denmark
39.5

2.5

2.5

12

22

(8)

10.5

1.5

2.5

1.5

7

England
39.5

3.5

9

12

15

(6.5)

9

3

2.5

2

4.5

Estonia
43.5

(19)

4

10

8

24.5

(16)

2.5

1

2.5

1

3

Finland
40

(21)

6.5

5

4

25

(18)

3

4

8

1

3.5

France
40.5

(12)

2.5

6

11.5

18.5

(7)

8

2.5

3

1.5

6

Germany
40.5

4

8.5

10.5

15

(8.5)

10

3

2

1.5

5.5

Greece
38

(5)

0

14.5

10

11.5

(1.5)

6

2

4

4.5

4.5

Iceland
46

1.5

11

10

15.5

(9.5)

7.5

4.5

0

1.5

2.5

Ireland
37.5

(20)

4.5

10.5

11

15

(6)

11

3.5

2.5

1.5

3

Italy
33.5

(11)

4.5

7.5

12

12.5

(7)

7

2

2.5

2

16.5

Latvia
45

3

6.5

9

23

(9)

2.5

4.5

4

0.5

2

Lithuania

46

5

8

10

18

(9.5)

3

4

1

1

4

Netherlands
45

(14)

8

11

14

16

10

2.5

2.5

0.5

0.5

Norway

42

(30)

4

12

11

16.5

(10)

6.5

2

2

1

3.5

Poland
46

(15)

5

8

11.5

16

(8.5)

3.5

2

3.5

1.5

3

Portugal
44.5

(26)

4

6

11

14

(3)

7.5

2

2

2

7

Scotland
42.5

3.5

14

11.5

13

(7)

6.5

5

1

1.5

1.5

Spain
54

(28)

5

6

8

10

(5.5)

5

2

2

1

7

Sweden
48

6.5

9.5

12.5

16

(6.5)

3

1.5

1.5

0.5

1

Switzerland
36.5

3

5

13.5

16.5

(8.5)

10

1.5

0.5

2

11.5

Ukraine
39

(12)

5.5

12

7

21

3

2

2

2.5

6

Wales
43

1.5

9.5

11

10

(4.5)

9.5

6

0

1

7.5

Additional information

The percentages of haplogroups H1, H3 and U5 is given in addition to the total for H and U. This is useful to assess the proportion of Paleolithic European (Cro-Magnon) lineages, as opposed to later arrivals.
The "Other" category includes mostly the older haplogroups N, R, pre-HV and HV, but also occasionally a few African (L) or Asian haplogroups (A, B, C, D, M, Z).
The largest sample sizes in this data base are Germany (n = 2610), England (n = 1577), Scotland (n = 1413), Ireland (n = 1397), France (n = 878), Italy (n = 808), Norway (n = 703), Finland (n = 580), and Iceland (n = 511). Each country has at least 100 samples.