The maps on this page represents the distribution of Human Y-chromosomal DNA (Y-DNA) haplogroups. A Y-DNA haplogroup is a group of men sharing the same series of mutations on their Y chromosome, which they inherited from a long line of common paternal ancestors. A few new mutations, known as SNP's, happen every generation. This allows to retrace the genealogical tree of humanity with great accuracy and see patterns in the distribution of shared historical lineages. Most major haplogroups are many thousands of years old, typically going back to the Bronze Age, Neolithic, Mesolithic or even Paleolithic. The deeper the subclade the more recent the shared ancestor. Classifying SNP's into a genealogical order is known as phylogenentics. You can see an example here. The following maps were compiled with all the latest available Y-DNA data for each country. The maps are frequently updated when new data becomes available.
Haplogroup R1 (Y-DNA)
Distribution of haplogroup R1 in Europe
Distribution of haplogroup R1a in Europe, the Middle East & North Africa
Distribution of haplogroup R1a-M458 in Europe
Distribution of haplogroup R1a-M558 (CTS1211) in Europe
Distribution of haplogroup R1a-Z93 in Eurasia
Distribution of haplogroup R1b in Europe, the Middle East & North Africa
Distribution of haplogroup R1b-S21 (U106) in Europe
Distribution of haplogroup R1b-S28 (U152) in Europe
Distribution of haplogroup R1b-L21 (S145) in Europe
Distribution of haplogroup R1b-DF27 (SRY2627 + M153) in Europe
Distribution of haplogroup R1b-ht35 (L23, L11, L51 & Z2103) in Europe
Haplogroups E1b1b + G + J + T (Y-DNA)
Distribution of haplogroups E1b1b + G + J + T in Europe, the Middle East & North Africa
Distribution of haplogroup G in Europe, North Africa and the Middle East
Distribution of haplogroup J1 in Europe, the Middle East & North Africa
Distribution of haplogroup J2 in Europe, the Middle East & North Africa
Distribution of haplogroup J2b (M102) in Europe, the Middle East & North Africa
Distribution of haplogroup E1b1b in Europe, the Middle East & North Africa
Distribution of haplogroup E-V13 in Europe, the Middle East & North Africa
Distribution of haplogroup E-M81 in Europe, the Middle East & North Africa
Distribution of haplogroup E-M123 in Europe, the Middle East & North Africa
Distribution of haplogroup T in Europe, the Middle East & North Africa
Distribution of haplogroup N1c1 in Europe
Distribution of haplogroup Q in Europe
Combined Germanic Y-DNA haplogroups
Distribution of Germanic paternal lineages in Europe
This map was computed by adding Germanic lineages associated with the diffusion Germanic peoples from the Iron Age onwards. These includes Y-DNA haplogroups I1 (except some subclades of Finnish origin), I2-M223, R1a-Z284, R1b-U106, and R1b-L238.
Combined Celtic Y-DNA haplogroups
Distribution of Celtic paternal lineages in Europe
This map represents the paternal lineages associated with the spread of Proto-Italo-Celtic people from Central to Western Europe in the Bronze Age, starting circa 4,500 years ago. Their lineages are R1b-S116, in other words most of the European R1b minus the Greco-Etruscan R1b-L23, the Germanic R1b-U106 and R1b-L238, and the Proto-Celto-Germanic L11, L51 and L150. S116 includes subclades associated with non-IE languages such as Basque, and the ancient Gascon and Iberian languages. Since it is unclear exactly when and where Celtic languages developed and whether some Proto-Celtic speakers might have adopted indigenous languages in the land they settled (especially in Gascony and Mediterranean Iberia), all lineages were included for the purpose of this map, giving priority to Y-DNA over languages.
Follow-up
