Historical context of the Srubna (Timber-grave) culture
Genetic Analysis
Y-DNA & mtDNA
MtDNA samples from the Srubna (Timber-grave) culture |
Hg |
N1a
|
R0/HV
|
H
|
HV0/V
|
J
|
T1
|
T2
|
U2
|
U3
|
U4
|
U5
|
K
|
I
|
W
|
X
|
Others
|
N=27 |
0
|
0
|
7
|
2
|
2
|
1
|
2
|
1
|
0
|
2
|
6
|
2
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
% |
0%
|
0%
|
27%
|
7.5%
|
7.5%
|
4%
|
7.5%
|
4%
|
0%
|
7.5%
|
23%
|
7.5%
|
4%
|
0%
|
0%
|
0%
|
The following mtDNA and Y-DNA samples were tested by Mathieson et al. (2015).
Samples from the Volga-Ural region (Samara)
Sample
|
Y-DNA
|
mtDNA
|
Location
|
Date
|
I0232 |
R1a1a1b2 (Z93) |
U5a1f2 |
Novoselki, Samara |
1850-1200 BCE |
I0234 |
- |
I1a1 |
Rozhdestveno, Samara |
1850-1600 BCE |
I0235 |
- |
K1b2a |
Rozhdestveno, Samara |
1850-1600 BCE |
I0259 |
- |
U5a2a1 |
Spiridonovka IV, Samara |
1850-1200 BCE |
I0260 |
R1a1 (M459) |
U5a1 |
Spiridonovka IV, Samara |
1850-1200 BCE |
I0261 |
R1a1a (L168) |
U5a1a |
Spiridonovka IV, Samara |
1850-1200 BCE |
I0354 |
- |
U5a1 |
Spiridonovka II, Samara |
2016-1692 BCE |
I0358 |
- |
H6a1a |
Spiridonovka IV, Samara |
1913-1629 BCE |
I0421 |
- |
H3g |
Spiridonovka II, Samara |
1850-1600 BCE |
I0422 |
- |
T1a1 |
Barinovka I, Samara |
1850-1200 BCE |
I0423 |
R1a1a1b2 (Z93) |
J2b1a2a |
Barinovka I, Samara |
1850-1200 BCE |
I0424 |
R1a1a1b2 (Z93) |
T2b4 |
Barinovka I, Samara |
1850-1200 BCE |
I0430 |
R1a1a1b2a2a (Z2123) |
H3g |
Spiridonovka II, Samara |
1850-1600 BCE |
I0431 |
- |
H2b |
Spiridonovka II, Samara |
1850-1600 BCE |
The following mtDNA and Y-DNA samples were tested by Krzewinska et al. (2018).
Samples from the southern trans-Urals region
Sample
|
Y-DNA
|
mtDNA
|
Location
|
Date
|
kzb001 |
- |
U4b1a1a1 |
Kazburun 1 |
1735-1565 BCE |
kzb002 |
R1a1a1 |
J1c3a |
Kazburun 1 |
1875-1665 BCE |
kzb003 |
R1a1a1 |
H |
Kazburun 1 |
1765-1630 BCE |
kzb004 |
- |
U5b2a2 |
Kazburun 1 |
1750-1620 BCE |
kzb005 |
R1a1a1 |
HV0a |
Kazburun 1 |
1880-1690 BCE |
kzb006 |
- |
U2e2a1a2 |
Kazburun 1 |
1745-1620 BCE |
kzb007 |
R1a1a1 |
U5a1 |
Kazburun 1 |
1755-1630 BCE |
kzb008 |
R1a1a1 |
HV0a |
Kazburun 1 |
1880-1690 BCE |
kzb009 |
- |
U4b1a1a1 |
Kazburun 1 |
1745-1620 BCE |
mur001 |
- |
H2a1 |
Muradym 8 |
- |
mur002 |
- |
K1a4b |
Muradym 8 |
- |
mur003 |
R1a1a1? |
T2a1 |
Muradym 8 |
1880-1685 BCE |
mur004 |
- |
J1c5e |
Muradym 8 |
1885-1695 BCE |
Dodecad K12b admixtures of Srubna people
Y-chromosomal DNA and mitochondrial DNA are useful tools to follow prehistoric population migrations. However, as uniparental markers, they have their limitations and do not inform us about the whole genome composition of individuals, which can evolve very differently due to the randomness of chromosomal recombination, natural selection for specific genes, and of course to the fact that some men can have more children with multiple women, especially in the context of highly unequal prehistoric societies. The Dodecad K12b admixture calculator used here gives estimates of the ultimate region of origin of chromosomal segments outside of the X and Y chromosomes. This page provides a description of each K12b component with a distribution map among the present-day population. Average values for various ancient European populations can be found here.
Sample ID |
Gedrosia |
Siberia |
NW Africa |
SE Asia |
Atlantic Med |
North Europe |
South Asia |
East Africa |
SW Asia |
East Asia |
Caucasus |
Sub-Saharan Africa |
kzb001 |
12.46 |
2.50 |
2.64 |
1.76 |
22.63 |
47.36 |
2.83 |
1.29 |
0.00 |
0.82 |
5.72 |
0.00 |
kzb002 |
21.09 |
3.59 |
0 |
0 |
18.79 |
54.68 |
0.81 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0.91 |
0.12 |
kzb003 |
20.86 |
0.61 |
1.59 |
0 |
27.72 |
47.14 |
2.09 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
kzb004 |
9.17 |
8.33 |
0 |
0 |
24.07 |
58.42 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
kzb005 |
17.86 |
1.95 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
13.60 |
56.88 |
0.00 |
1.68 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
7.96 |
0.06 |
kzb006 |
18.13 |
1.71 |
0 |
0 |
22.3 |
51.06 |
1.34 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
4.15 |
1.3 |
kzb007 |
18.39 |
1.92 |
0 |
0 |
21.93 |
52.11 |
0 |
1.15 |
0 |
0 |
3.94 |
0.57 |
kzb008 |
19.26 |
2.85 |
0 |
0.02 |
14.65 |
56.62 |
0.35 |
1.24 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
4.84 |
0.16 |
kzb009 |
18.12 |
2.94 |
0 |
0 |
22.91 |
51.61 |
0 |
0 |
0.27 |
0 |
3.22 |
0.93 |
mur001 |
21.99 |
3.22 |
0 |
0 |
18.4 |
55.26 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0.84 |
0.29 |
mur002 |
20.07 |
0.70 |
0.00 |
4.28 |
16.77 |
54.31 |
1.06 |
2.80 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
mur003 |
19.28 |
2.35 |
0 |
0 |
22.87 |
53.76 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1.1 |
0.64 |
mur004 |
17.15 |
3.53 |
0.00 |
0 |
16.72 |
54.14 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
7.68 |
0.78 |
I0232 |
18.86 |
0.97 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
21.90 |
51.89 |
0.48 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
4.51 |
1.39 |
I0234 |
16.39 |
1.79 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
20.71 |
53.63 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.99 |
0.00 |
5.12 |
1.38 |
I0235 |
17.26 |
2.03 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
22.05 |
51.62 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
6.18 |
0.86 |
I0354 |
28.17 |
9.01 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
57.02 |
5.47 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.33 |
I0358 |
20.66 |
1.22 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
24.21 |
52.49 |
1.09 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.32 |
I0359 |
15.93 |
0.83 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
24.31 |
52.05 |
1.05 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
5.13 |
0.70 |
I0360 |
18.13 |
4.75 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
14.01 |
57.98 |
5.13 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
I0361 |
20.92 |
2.64 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
19.72 |
51.13 |
0.00 |
0.05 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
4.20 |
1.34 |
I0421 |
12.30 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
15.84 |
59.08 |
2.43 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
10.34 |
0.00 |
I0422 |
21.04 |
2.50 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
17.38 |
55.33 |
0.17 |
0.03 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
2.93 |
0.63 |
I0423 |
19.84 |
0.97 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
25.41 |
52.96 |
0.00 |
0.03 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.55 |
0.24 |
I0424 |
17.98 |
0.29 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
20.12 |
51.11 |
1.77 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
7.60 |
1.13 |
I0430 |
17.81 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.41 |
26.50 |
49.90 |
1.44 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
3.07 |
0.87 |
I0431 |
18.72 |
1.28 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
22.38 |
52.75 |
2.96 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
1.92 |
0.00 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Srubna culture |
18.44 |
2.39 |
0.16 |
0.24 |
19.92 |
53.42 |
1.13 |
0.31 |
0.05 |
0.03 |
3.40 |
0.52 |
Comparison with modern populations
Using the modal values above and comparing it with the Dodecad K12b averages for modern populations on Vahaduo, the genetic distance between populations can be compared. The smaller the value for the genetic distance, the most similar the population (1 being a perfect match). Under 5 is considered very close, 5 to 10 moderately similar, while over 10 is not genetically similar. No modern population is genetically similar to the Srubna people, but the closest would be modern Uralic populations such as the Mordovians and the Finns, but also Northeast Poles and Northwest Russians.
- Mordovians : 15.7
- Poles from Warmia-Masuria : 16.0
- Russians from Ural : 16.2
- Russians from Ryazan : 16.4
- Sorbs from Lusatia : 16.7
- Russians from Kostroma and Oryol : 16.8
- West Finns : 16.9
- Russians from Tver : 17.2
Follow-up
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